Abstract: Construction of water ecological civilization city is conducive to improving ecological environment，supporting the healthy development of social economy，and realizing the harmonious coexistence of people and water. With Xuchang City, one of the first batch of pilot water ecological civilization cities, as the research area，the evaluation index system of water ecological civilization city based on water resources，water ecology，water landscape，water management and water culture was constructed，and the construction status quo of urban water ecological civilization of Xuchang in 2014 was evaluated by using matter-element extension evaluation model. The results show that the degree of water ecological civilization of Xuchang in 2014 is II，which means a good state，and that its water ecological civilization construction progressed greatly yet with room for improvement. The model has the advantages of simple calculation procedure，accurate result and high reliability，which can provide a reference for the evaluation of water ecological civilization city.