Abstract: Based on fractal geometry theory, the relationship between fractal dimension and the aggregate gradation, porosity, elastic modulus and strength property of polymer-modified cement concrete (PMCC) are analyzed. The research results indicate that fractal dimension has a good linear relationship with aggregate gradation and porosity while the relevance between fractal dimension and other factors, such as elastic modulus and strength property, is not obvious. However, when the fractal dimension D value is 2.394, the PMCC has the highest flexural strength and bend-press ratio; when D value is not less than 2.394, the elastic modulus of PMCC has a significant reduction. Fractal dimension can be effectively utilized to quantitatively describe aggregate gradation and the performance of PMCC, which can provide a new method for the composition design and the property research of PMCC.