Abstract: After the operation of Three Gorges Reservoir, due to the reservoir impoundment and sediment reduction, the river channel at the downstream of the dam would be adjusted in a long period of time, which brings problems such as river regime adjustment, more riverbank collapse, lower water level in dry season and smaller diversion ratio of three outlets of Jingjiang River reach, so the scientific countermeasures are needed. First, the international description of balanced river and good channel shape is introduced. Second, with ancient Chinese five elements system ideal, the cycling motivation and restriction relations of slope, flow velocity, bed load, suspended load and water depth are analyzed. Third, the automatic adjustment and rebalancing process of the river evolution system is elaborated. To deal with the river channel response, many countermeasures are put forward, such as river regulation, bank collapse harnessing, optimized reservoir dispatch, river channel monitoring and scientific research. Then, the river regulation principles and management thoughts on typical river reach are discussed and the regulation measures such as river bottom protection and resistance enlargement, river outlet realignment and submerged dike are recommended. It will provide references to the river protection and river regulation at the downstream of dams.