Abstract: To understand the anti-scourability of the red soil in central Yunnan and the relation between large soil aggregate and soil anti-scourability, the soil of four land use types including secondary forest, slope farmland, planted forest and shrub grassland in small watershed of Jianshan River in Chengjiang county of Yuxi City were selected as the study subject. We measured the soil anti-scourability by method of scour-resistant groove of undisturbed soil and analyzed the relation between large soil aggregate and anti-scourability by SPSS software. The results show that the anti-scourability of slope farmland soil is weak, which can be improved with the increase of 4～1mm large soil aggregate. Therefore, the key to strengthen soil anti-scourability is to improve the soil aggregate structure by reducing human damage and increasing vegetation coverage. The study results can provide reference for soil and water conservation in Pearl River basin.