Abstract: This paper reviews the research progress and main conclusions about sediment for Three Gorges Project in recent 60 years, and compares the measured data with the predicted data after the project put into operation. The comparison results shows that the upstream flow and sediment into the reservoir reduce and are basically in accordance with prediction in design stage, but the time for reduction is ahead of the predicted; then sedimentation in the reservoir is far below the predicted results; the scouring in the downstream is basically in accordance with the predicted, but the scoured range is larger than the predicted; the impact of the scouring in the downstream on the flood control and navigation is basically in accordance with the predicted; in general, the sediment issues of Three Gorges Project are within the predicted scope in initial design stage. The suggestions on sediment issue research for the operation period of Three Gorges Project are put forward, especially in sediment release, the dispatching scheme should be made in the consideration of controlling the reservoir flood control capacity loss smaller than 10 million per year and without accumulative sedimentation in upper and middle section of backwater area to play the comprehensive benefit of Three Gorges Project.