Abstract: The flood resources utilization of Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) not only can give full play to comprehensive benefit, but also can play an important role in the Yangtze river basin water resources allocation; however its premises is that the risk is controllable and manageable. This paper thoroughly combs the risks resulting from flood resources utilization of TGR, such as flood control, embankment, navigation, inundation, sediment. According to the analysis results, we put forward the effective countermeasures to keep flood control risk controllable and sediment accumulation in an acceptable range, for providing technical support for comprehensive utilization and effectively reducing the various risks of TGR.