Abstract: Owing to the influence of global climate change and large-scale economic development, the situation of water resources is becoming more and more serious in China. Therefore, the government has released a series of laws, policies and standard to strengthen water resources management from the aspects of total water consumption and water use efficiency. On the basis of building the evaluation index of water consumption and water efficiency control, using the data published by the State Water Bulletin, this paper evaluates the total water consumption and water use efficiency of 19 provinces and regions in the Yangtze River Basin in 2016. The results showed that Jiangsu and Anhui Provinces failed to control total water consumption due to the low efficiency of industrial water use. Jiangsu and Gansu Provinces failed to complete the water use efficiency control index in term of ten thousand yuan industrial added value water consumption. The effective utilization coefficient of farmland irrigation water in 19 provinces and regions are all up to the national requirements. 16 provinces and regions simultaneously completed the water consumption and water efficiency control targets, accounting for 84.21% of the 19 provinces and regions.