Abstract: Aiming at the data lacking in the researches of the dynamic impact of water conservancy project on lakes and wetlands, the theoretical study of lake ecosystem protection and restoration, the establishment of lake ecological compensation system, this paper discusses the basic idea of using lake wetland ecological monitoring to accumulate ecological big data and strengthen lake wetland study. Through multi-disciplinary monitoring methods that combine macro-monitoring and positioning continuous monitoring, we can couple the ecological big data that characterizes wetland ecosystem structure, process, function and biodiversity in a multi-region and multi-scale way, so that the dynamic correlations of wetland water level, migratory bird habitats and migratory population can be quantitatively revealed, providing important basis for optimal regulation of water level in water conservancy projects. Big data can also help to develop ecological restoration technology solutions that link the various elements of ecosystems and major ecological processes, and ecological compensation systems that link ecosystem services providers and beneficiaries, providing data support for lake and wetland ecosystem management and ecological restoration, and ecological compensation measures.