Abstract: Although the traditional method of improving expansive soil with single-factor can improve its expansion and contraction performance, it has little contribution to the cementation and mechanical properties of the soil. Epoxy resin and cement were employed to improve and reinforce the expansive soil in the area along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province, the mechanical properties and microstructure of the improved soil samples were then tested. The results showed that in the epoxy resin-cement stabilized samples, 10% is an optimal cement ratio when the polymer-cement ratio is 0.6. Under this ratio, the compressive strength, failure strain and elastic modulus of the samples reached maximum. Through the microstructure scanning, it can be concluded that when the cement ratio is 10%, the network structures of the polymer and the cement linked with each other, forming a three-dimensional cross structure in the space, which enhanced the composite effect of the soil samples. Macroscopically, the mechanical properties of improved soil samples have been significantly improved. Not only the strength of epoxy resin-cement stabilized samples is equal to or even better than that of normal concrete, but also they have the advantages of lighter density and better ductility. The research results could be extended to the practical application of engineering.