Abstract: Based on four periods remote sensing inversion data, the ecological parameters affecting the ecosystem quality were used to revise the equivalent factor and establish the ESV estimation model. Supported by GIS, the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and driving factors of the ESV in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area from 2000 to 2015 were studied by the remote sensing data. The results showed that: (1) Forest and farmland were the main ecosystem types in the study area, accounting for 60% and 30% of the study area respectively. In the last 15 years, the types of ecosystem changed significantly, among which forest and settlement significantly increased by 644.53 km2 and 567.24 km2 respectively. On the contrary, farmland and grassland decreased by 723.58 km2 and 588.62 km2. (2) The total ESV increased by 5.144 billion yuan, with an increasing rate of 1.38%. Forest contributed the most to ESV, its value accounted for more than 75% of the total ESV in each period, with a continuous increasing trend. Types of ecosystem services function were mainly composed of hydrological regulation and climate regulation, and the ESV of both types were slightly increased in each period. (3) The spatial distribution of ESV in the study area varied, and the overall distribution pattern was “north-south high and east-west low”. The areas with high ESV were mainly distributed in areas with good vegetation coverage in the middle and low mountains such as Daba Mountain, Wushan Mountain, Qiyao Mountain and Fangdou Mountain, as well as the main stream of the Yangtze River and Jialing River. The areas with low ESV were mainly distributed in the built-up areas and surrounding areas of large and medium-sized cities along the Yangtze River. In terms of spatial evolution, the ESV variation in the study area showed a trend of “high increase-low decrease”. (4) Driving force results showed that the urbanization rate was the primary driving factor affecting the ESV in the study area, indicating that the speed of regional urbanization and the level of the social economic development level were closely related to ESV. Optimizing the land space layout can effectively improve the ecosystem service value in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.