Abstract: The barrier dam of debris flow is a particular kind of natural dam due to blockage of debris flow. The debris flow dam is quite different from landslide dam in terms of formation mechanism, material composite and structure, material erosion rate, breakage process and flood peak discharge. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out research on its formation and failure mechanism. We summarized the research results of debris flow dams systematically in recent years from characteristics, river blockage criterion and breakage mechanism of debris flow dams, and the problems and shortcomings in the current research was pointed out. Furthermore, the key to further research and solution was put forward.