Abstract: In order to comprehensively find the weak links and engineering entity safety hazard in the safe operation of water conservancy projects, we carried out special supervision and inspection on the safe operation of 3 172 small reservoirs in the Yangtze River Basin, and found 6 262 problems. At the same time, we conducted an in-depth analysis on the problems and proposed corresponding countermeasures. The research results show that:(1) through inspection, we have a basic understanding of the safe operation and risk status of small reservoirs in the Yangtze River Basin, ensuring the safety of 2020 flood season.(2) through inspection, we urge all localities to make up for shortcomings and deficiencies in operation management and engineering as soon as possible, and urge local water conservancy administrative departments at all levels to take the initiative to carry out self-inspection, promoting the improvement of water conservancy project management.(3) through strengthening water conservancy supervision work, we will further create a strong supervision atmosphere for the water conservancy industry in the Yangtze River Basin, and better compact the management and supervision responsibilities for the safe operation of local water conservancy projects, guarantee the safety of flood control of the Yangtze River and people's lives and property, to provide reliable support and guarantee for the promotion of high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.