Abstract: Affected by the abnormal climate system, the rainfall process in the flood season of the Yangtze River Basin in 2020 was frequent, strong and persistent, resulting in regional flood. This paper systematically analyzed the rainstorm and flood characteristics in the Yangtze River Basin in the flood season of 2020, and the role of scientific and technological support in flood control and rescue was analyzed. The weak links in the construction of flood storage and detention areas, flood control capacity of tributaries and lakes, non-engineering measures for flood control and the demand for scientific and technological support in the flood control system of the Yangtze River were identified. On this basis, in order to adapt to the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the requirements of the Yangtze River protection, this paper put forward the countermeasures and suggestions for the basic research and technological development of flood control and flood resistance in the Yangtze River, so as to provide path and guidance for improving the flood control and flood resistance capacity of the Yangtze River Basin.