Abstract: In order to reveal the evolution of habitat quality in the Yongding River basin, the spatial-temporal evolution of land use and habitat quality and its influencing factors during 1985-2015 were investigated by using InVEST model in the Yongding River (Guanting to Qujiadian section in Beijing City) watershed, and the characteristics of landscape pattern were analyzed to provide a scientific basis for land planning. The results showed that the main land use types in the study area were cultivated land and forest land, and the change of land use types was mainly manifested by the increase of urban land and rural residential area. The overall landscape of the study area tended to be fragmented, and dryland was the dominant landscape in the study area. The overall habitat quality index of the study area showed a decreasing trend, with a decreasing rate of 6.7%, mainly due to the expansion of urban land. However, the index within the river coastline showed an increasing trend, indicating that the governance of Yongding River in Beijing City had achieved remarkable results. The habitat quality index was negatively correlated with population and GDP, indicating that the increase of population and GDP would decrease the habitat quality index. In the future, the protection of grassland and forestland in the study area should be strengthened while control the urban land area, so as to effectively improve the stability of ecosystem service function in the study area.