Abstract: The Yuanjiang River Basin is facing a severe situation of intertwined ecological and environmental problems, insufficient efficiency of green development, imbalance and disharmony between protection and development. Based on the systematic analysis of the basic situation of Yuanjiang River Basin, this paper summarizes the main strategic directions of Yuanjiang River Basin in promoting ecological priority and green development, and puts forward the problems and needs, from the aspects of ecological environment protection and restoration, green transformation and development, realization of ecological product value and innovation of watershed management system and mechanism, to promote ecological priority and green development in Yuanjiang River Basin. The research results can provide reference for building a theoretical and practical model of Two Mountains Theory in Yuanjiang River Basin and promoting the coordinated coexistence of basin development and protection of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.Key words: ecological priority; green development; realization of ecological product value;