基于LID与泵排联合调控的城市排水能力提升研究

    Improvement of urban drainage capacity based on combined regulation of LID and pumping operations

    • 摘要: 城市内涝不仅与区域径流量有关,还与排水系统排泄能力有关,因此研究排水能力对于城市防涝工作具有重要意义。以长三角平原地区的上海中心城区田林排水系统为研究对象,综合考虑土地利用类型和低影响开发(Low Impact Development, LID)布设的可行性,确定LID空间布局方案,基于SWMM模型模拟分析LID与泵排模式联合调控对区域积水的控制效果。结果表明:低方案(绿色屋顶+雨水桶)仅通过改造绿色屋顶,增设雨水桶,不改造地面,能使区域1 a一遇降雨不积水;中方案(绿色屋顶+雨水桶+下凹式绿地+渗透塘)在低方案基础上,地面改造16.7%,能使区域排水标准提升到3 a一遇;高方案(绿色屋顶+雨水桶+下凹式绿地+渗透塘+植草沟+透水铺装)在低方案基础上,地面改造30%能使区域排水标准提升到4 a一遇。LID方案联合泵排模式能够进一步提升系统排水能力,雨水泵开启水位降至1.0 m时,中方案能将区域排水标准提升至4 a一遇;雨水泵开启水位分别降至2.0,1.0,0 m时,高方案分别能将区域排水标准提升至5 a一遇、6 a一遇、7 a一遇;LID与泵排联合调控能够有效提升区域排水标准。研究成果可为老城区排水系统可持续改造、减缓城市积水提供技术参考,对于保障城市水生态安全具有重要意义。

       

      Abstract: Urban waterlogging is not only related to regional runoff, but also related to drainage capacity, so it is important to study drainage capacity for urban waterlogging prevention. Taking the Tianlin drainage system in Shanghai City, the urban plain area of the Yangtze River Delta, as a research object, Low Impact Development (LID) schemes were determined according to land use types, and the control effect of a combination mode of LID and rainwater pumps operations on the ponding in the drainage system was simulated and analyzed based on the SWMM model. The results showed that low scheme (green roof + rain bucket) could raise the regional drainage standard to 1-year return period only by transforming the green roof, adding rain buckets and not transforming the ground. Medium scheme (green roof + rain bucket + sunken greenbelt + infiltration pond) was based on low scheme, and the proportion of ground reconstruction was 16.7%, which could improve the regional drainage standard to 3-year return period. High scheme (green roof + rain bucket + sunken greenbelt + infiltration pond + grass swale + permeable pavement) was based on low scheme, and the proportion of ground reconstruction was 30%, which could improve the regional drainage standard to 4-year return period. The combined regulation mode of LID schemes and pumping operations could further control the regional ponding. When the start-up water level of rainwater pumps dropped to 1.0 m, medium scheme could raise the regional drainage standard to 4-year return period. When the start-up water level of rainwater pumps dropped to 2.0 m, 1.0 m and 0 m respectively, high scheme could raise the regional drainage standard to 5-year return period, 6-year return period and 7-year return period respectively. The combined regulation of LID and pump discharge could effectively meet the standard upgrading and reconstruction requirements of urban drainages. The research results can provide technical reference for sustainable transformation and ponding control of urban drainage system, and are of great significance for ensuring city water ecological safety.

       

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