Abstract: ‘Water storage and soil conservation has always been the leading principle of soil and water conservation in China.The theory and the system of prevention and control measures of soil and water conservation based on ‘water storage and soil conservation guide the work of soil and water conservation in all fronts of the country and have achieved remarkable results.However，with the deepening of research and continuous exploration and practice，especially the refinement of soil and water conservation，the prevention effect of ‘water storage and soil conservation shows abnormal occasionally，which is gradually questioned by experts and scholars.Through years of researches and practices，the authors team summarized and put forward the theory of ‘drainage soil conservation’.In this paper，the connotation of ‘drainage soil conservation was explained in detail，and the key technologies of ‘drainage soil conservation represented by semi-permeable intercepting ditch and erosion-resistant soil retention agent were developed.Through demonstration and extension，soil conservation benefits were significant.The theory of ‘drainage soil conservation embodies the principle of adjusting measures to local conditions in soil and water conservation，enriching the theory of soil and water conservation，and strongly promoting the fine management of soil and water conservation work.