Abstract: In the summer and autumn of 2022,large-scale abnormal high temperature and drought events occurred concurrently in the Yangtze River Basin(YRB),which caused significant impacts on the natural and socioeconomic system and drew the public attention.Based on the latest observation data, the climatic characteristics of the regional high temperature and drought events in the YRB in 2022 are systematically analyzed.The comprehensive intensity and impacts of this compound event are also evaluated according to the regional extreme climate event assessment methods.The results showed that the maximum, minimum and mean temperatures in the summer of 2022 were the highest, the number of high temperature days was the highest, the spatial coverage of high temperature was also the largest since 1961 in the YRB.The comprehensive intensity of the high temperature event was also the strongest since 1961,reaching the super strong level.The maximum spatial coverage of the drought during summer and autumn in 2022 reached 94.5% of the whole basin, which was the widest since 1961.The accumulated precipitation during the drought process was the lowest since 1961,and the comprehensive intensity of the drought was the strongest since 1961,reaching the super strong level also.Such persistent abnormal high temperature and drought events posed significant influences on the basin hydropower, transport, water supply as well as the domestic water and electricity usage.Reduction of agricultural production and degradation of ecological environment has also been observed after these events.In the context of global warming, the regional high temperature and drought events in the YRB over the past 20 years show a significant tendency to occur more often, more violently and concurrently, andthe impacts are wider and more complex.In the future, water resources management in the YRB should take into account the risks posed by climate change to improve the ability of dealing with compound drought and heat hazards.