Abstract: For better protecting freshwater fish diversity and population resources, the species composition, geographical distribution, ecological characteristics and protection status of the protected freshwater fishes in the newly revised Lists of Wild Animals under Special State Protection in China(WASPC) were systematically summarized.The problems and difficulties in the current conservation work were analyzed, and several specific suggestions were put forward:(1) Carry out a systematic survey on resources of the protected freshwater fishes, identify the distribution, status and problems of protected fishes, and establish a information sharing mechanism;(2) Strengthen researches on fish conservation science and technology, and put the protection work into practice;(3) Shoulder responsibility to strengthen supervision, and implement the protection measures into effective;(4) Continuously carry out monitoring and evaluation, and make timely adjustments to the protected list according to the evaluations.