Abstract: In order to improve the precipitation forecasting capability of Hanjiang River Basin, this paper analyzes the regional characteristics of heavy rainfall in Hanjiang River Basin by using the precipitation datasets and sounding data from 1960 to 2021,then constructs a conceptual synoptic model of typical rainstorm based on typical process selection and identification of key weather system.This paper selects the heavy rainfall process in the upper and middle reaches of the Hanjiang River Basin in 2022,and uses the synoptic principle to identify the configuration and location of the key weather systems in the high and low levels to verify the accuracy of rainstorm conceptual synoptic model.The results show that:(1) The rainstorm in upper and middle reaches of Hanjiang River Basin usually occurs from May to October, while the rainfall for lower reaches of Hanjiang River Basin occurs from March to October.Rainstorms in the summer occur more frequently than those in the fall, and the number of days of heavy rainfall and torrential rain in the lower reaches of the Hanjiang River Basin is the most.Therefore, based on the characteristics of rainstorm, the rainstorm of Hanjiang River Basin can be divided into three kinds of rainstorm in basin-scale, upper-middle reaches scale and lower reaches scale.(2) Four types of conceptual synoptic models of front-trough shear low pressure vortex, low-level shear jet, trough and two high-pressure converge and upper-level trough are developed for the rainstorm in basin-scale.For the rainstorm in upper-middle reaches scale, two types of conceptual synoptic models of shear jet stream and two high pressure converges are developed.And for the rainstorm in lower reaches scale, three types of conceptual synoptic models of front-trough shear, southerly jet steam and after-trough shear are developed.(3) The rainstorm process in the upper and middle reaches of Hanjiang River Basin in 2022 are consistent with the lower-pressure shear conceptual model.