基于深度学习的多源降水数据融合方法及其应用

    Merging multi-source precipitation data based on deep learning and its application

    • 摘要: 准确的水文模拟依赖于可靠的降水数据,遥感降水产品是对地面观测站点空间代表性差的有效补充,但其精度仍需进一步改进。为获得更高精度的降水数据,提出了一种时空动态数据融合方法,它结合了基于长短期记忆(LSTM)神经网络的空间插值方法与动态贝叶斯模型平均(DBMA)数据融合方法。基于该方法将IMERG-E遥感降水数据和地面站点观测降水数据进行了融合,并以湘江流域为例,通过评估融合降水数据的精度及水文模拟验证了该方法的可靠性以及融合降水产品的精度。结果表明:融合降水数据能够较好地反映湘江流域降水的空间分布特征,并与地面站点观测降水具有很高的相关性,在多个站点处的相关系数CC达到0.65以上,大多数站点达到与参考数据集(中国自动站与CMORPH降水产品融合的逐时降水量网格数据集1.0版,简称CMA)相同甚至更高的水平。此外,相较于IMERG-E和CMA,融合降水数据在水文模拟方面的性能有所提升,洪水事件验证期的纳什效率系数NSE分别从0.41和0.80提升至0.84。

       

      Abstract: High-quality precipitation data is crucial for accurate hydrologic simulations.Remote sensing precipitation products offers an alternative to the gauge observations, however the accuracy of remote sensing precipitation products still needs to be further improved.To achieve a more precise precipitation dataset, we propose a spatio-temporal dynamic data fusion method that combines a LSTM-based spatial interpolation method with a Dynamic Bayesian Model Averaging(DBMA)data fusion method.Based on this method, precipitation data derived from IMERG-E and gauge observations are fused.Taking the Xiangjiang River Basin as an example, the reliability of the method as well as accuracy of the merged precipitation products are verified by evaluating the accuracy of the merged precipitation data and hydrological simulation.Results indicate that the merged precipitation data can better reflect the spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation in the Xiangjiang River Basin and have high correlation with the gauge observations, with the Correlation Coefficient(CC)reaching more than 0.65 at several stations, and most of the stations reaching the same or even higher level than CMA.Furthermore, compared with IMERG-E and CMA,the merged precipitation dataset enhances the performance of hydrologic simulations.With the use of this dataset, the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency coefficient(NSE)in flood event simulations increases from 0.41 and 0.80 to 0.84,respectively.

       

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