基于异轨DSM提取技术的滑坡体积估计

    Landslide volume estimation based on cross-track DSM extraction technology

    • 摘要: 滑坡发生后,区域内通常仍有持续性降雨,传统光学立体测绘卫星所采用的同轨测量方式受限于重访周期固定、成像幅宽和成像时刻区域可能存在云层遮挡等限制,往往难以获取灾后地形信息。为此,提出基于异轨DSM提取技术,将符合生产要求的高质量卫星影像加以筛选并重新组合利用,采用二次高程校正方法进一步降低滑坡前后DSM总体误差,实现不依赖实地控制点,使用常规光学卫星在复杂山地环境下提取滑坡体积的新思路。以2020年7月发生在湖北省恩施市的沙子坝滑坡为例,使用滑坡后两景不同时期的高分2号卫星影像构成异轨立体像对生成了DSM,并与滑坡前由资源3号02星生成的DSM结合提取了此次滑坡体积变化情况。结果表明:(1)经过外部高程数据的二次校正精度后,异轨与同轨立体测量技术所生成的DSM精度相当,均满足1∶10 000 DEM高山地的测图要求。(2)提取的滑坡体积为296.28万m3,具有较高的准确性,并可通过体积变化分布准确识别滑坡的构造特征。研究成果对基于遥感的滑坡构造特征分析,以及常规山地地形测绘等工作具有参考价值。

       

      Abstract: Persistent rainfall over a region normally follows the occurrence of landslides.Limited by fixed revisit period, swatch width and possible cloud cover in the region at the moment of imaging, it is hard to obtain post-disaster terrain information with traditional optical stereo satellites through along-track measurement.In view of this, a novel landslide volume estimation procedure based on cross-track DSM extraction technique was proposed.To begin with, high-quality satellite images that meet the production requirements were screened and recombined.A secondary elevation correction method was used to further reduce the overall error before and after landslides, thus realizing the extraction of landslide volumes based on conventional optical satellites in complex mountainous environments without relying on in-situ control points.Selecting a case study at Shaziba landslide, Enshi, Hubei Province, which occurred in July 2020,a DSM was generated using cross-track stereo image pairs composed of two GF-2 satellite images from different periods after the landslide, which was combined with DSM generated by the ZY3-02 satellite before the landslide to extract the landslide volume.The results suggest that:(1) After the secondary accuracy correction of the external elevation data, the DSMs generated by the cross-track and along-track stereo measurement techniques had similar accuracies, and both met the mountainous area mapping requirements of 1∶10 000 DEM;(2) The extracted landslide volume was 2 962 800 m3 with highly accuracy, and the landslide's structural characteristics could be identified from the volume changes.As such, this study provides a constructive reference for the analysis of landslide structural characteristics based on remote sensing and conventional mountain terrain mapping.

       

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