Abstract: In recent years, a large number of scholars have conducted in-depth and detailed researches on the motion law of particles in open channel turbulence through laboratory experiments, field observations and numerical simulation, and have gradually revealed the essence and law of the particle motion complexity in open channel turbulence.The results have been applied to many fields such as river sediment transport, river geomorphic evolution and ecological environment protection.In view of the obvious partition effect of open channel turbulence, its turbulent flow velocity distribution, partition structure composition and coherent structure distribution characteristics will have a significant impact on the motion process of particles in water.Therefore, this paper summarized the overall motion law of particles turbulence structure in in open channels, and the motion process of particles in the inner and outer regions of turbulence structure.The abnormal phenomena and causes of particle motion in the near-wall region, as well as the three main factors affecting the particle motion process, such as particle size, density and Stokes number, were emphatically expounded in order to provide reference for the research and application of sediment movement and ecological protection.