Abstract: The construction of dams in the Changjiang River Basin poses a significant challenge to the river′s ecological sustainability, and it is crucial to investigate the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of river ecological pressure induced by these structures.Using river fragmentation index and runoff disturbance index as analytical tools, this study quantitatively assesses the ecological pressures of damming on riverine longitudinal connectivity and hydrological situations, and investigates the long-term temporal evolution of river ecological disturbances caused by damming under different spatial patterns within the Changjiang River Basin.The results reveal that from1990to2020,the damming has impacted70.1% and65.5% of the river sections in terms of river fragmentation and runoff disturbance, respectively.The distribution of the degree of fragmentation(DOF) and the degree of runoff disturbance(DOR) exhibits an order of midstream>downstream>upstream; however, the growth trend is high in upstream and low in downstream, and the difference of DOF and DOR between different sub-basins is decreasing.The main stem of the Changjiang River and the first-class tributary reaches(Strahler method, river class ≥5) experience higher levels of river fragmentation and runoff disturbance compared to the lower-class tributary reaches(Strahler method, river class ≤4),and the lower-class reaches are disproportionately affected by runoff disturbance.These insights are instrumental in informing strategies for protecting and restoring riverine ecosystems in the Changjiang River Basin.