Abstract: Frequent extreme hydrological events caused by global climate change pose a systemic threat to flood control, water supply, energy, and ecological security in China′s river basins, placing the traditional water conservancy operation and safety management model under severe challenges. Addressing the core contradictions in river basin governance amid extreme hydrological events, this paper systematically analyzes the challenges in reservoir group operation such as multi-objective coordination and system resilience enhancement. It proposes a guiding framework centered on the "safety-ecology-intelligence" trinity, clarifies the multi-objective operation logic for flood control of reservoir groups, pre- and post-flood periods, and beneficial operation optimization, which aims to promote the transformation from single-project operation to resilient and coordinated operation of river basin reservoir groups. Additionally, the paper advocates to build an intelligent decision-making system consisted of the "space-air-ground-water-engineering" integrated monitoring perception system and a digital twin platform as its core, and to develop a new generation of intelligent dam systems through intelligent technologies like digital twins. This enables full-chain intelligent management from forecasting and early warning to multi-objective optimal operation, providing strategic pathways and key technical support for the high-level safety and sustainable development of river basin reservoir groups.