Abstract: Based on a systematic review of water governance achievements in facilitating the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, this paper clarifies the phased objectives in the 15th Five-Year Plan period, the imperatives for high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and the need for enhanced river basin governance and management. It highlights the strategies and measures for advancing water conservancy initiatives in the Yangtze River Economic Belt during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. Furthermore, the study proposes recommendations in four key areas: accelerating the development of a safe Changjiang River, strengthening ecological protection and restoration of rivers and lakes, promoting efficient utilization of water resources within the basin, and modernizing water governance capabilities. These measures aim to provide a robust water security foundation for further fostering the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and for better supporting and serving Chinese modernization.