Abstract: Ecological flow serves as a crucial foundation and prerequisite for protecting the ecological environment of rivers and lakes, embodies the core principle of Xijinping Thought on Eco-Civilization, and functions as a key indicator within the rigid constraint system for water resources management.Based on an analysis of the management requirements for ensuring ecological flow in rivers and lakes in the new era, this paper systematically reviews the management practices and their effectiveness in ensuring ecological flow within the Changjiang River Basin.It summarizes the main existing issues.Adopting a problem-oriented approach, with the goal of securing ecological flow and focusing on enhancing management capabilities, targeted countermeasures and suggestions are proposed.These encompass aspects such as the determination of ecological flow targets, routine supervision, guarantee measures, oversight management, and empowerment through science and technology.The aim is to support the maintenance of healthy river and lake ecosystems within the basin and to promote the development of new quality productive forces in the water resources management sector.