Abstract: The Hanjiang River Basin is a national strategic water resources protection area, as well as a water source area for inter-basin water transfer projects such as the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, etc. Through comprehensively considering inner basin water use and inter-basin water transfer demand, we make a deep analysis on future water resources supply-demand situation. It is concluded that: The water supply and demand of the Hanjiang River Basin from 2012 to 2023 increased slightly but tended to be stable, which has satisfied the requirement of the total water consumption index, but there is still room for improvement in the water use efficiency in the basin. For the target years of 2030 and 2035, there is no water shortage in normal years (P=50%) and general dry years (P=75%), while in extremely dry years (P=95%), the water shortage is predicted to be 2.185 billion cubic meters and 2.657 billion cubic meters respectively. On the premise of meeting the domestic water demand within the basin, the demand for water transfer to other basins can be satisfied in normal years (P=50%). In general dry years (P=75%) and extremely dry years (P=95%), the amount of water transferred to other basins will be far lower than the designed scale of the water transfer projects. Based on the analysis of water resources supply-demand situation in the Hanjiang River Basin, the proposal of water resources development and protection was comprehensively put forward from the aspects of unified planning, unified management, unified scheduling and unified management over the Hanjiang River Basin, which will provide a reference to improving the water supply guarantee capacity of the Hanjiang River Basin and the South-to-North Water Diversion Project receiving area.