基于多目标分数阶PID的水风抽蓄并网优化控制

    Optimized control of hydro-wind-pumped storage integrated into power network based on multi-objective fractional order PID

    • 摘要: 针对风电持续入网情形,为提高其并网系统供电质量及稳定性,提出了水风抽蓄互联微电网的多目标优化控制策略,设计了抽蓄机组分数阶PID(FOPID)控制调速系统以提高机组性能。以对电网期望频率的时间乘以绝对误差积分及调节时间为目标函数建立系统多目标优化控制模型,并提出改进竞争与合作群优化算法(ICCSO)对其求解。通过多目标标准测试函数清晰展示了ICCSO算法相较于常规算法的显著优势。最终,在设计的两种场景下进行仿真验证,所求帕累托前沿印证了ICCSO算法的优越性,取其帕累托解集中值解代入模型仿真。以系统电网频率响应曲线为例,在三相短路故障恢复场景下,其超调量微上涨4.78%,负超调量降低49.33%,峰峰值降低17.10%,调节时间降低了28.73%;在负荷扰动场景下,尽管超调量提高了31.03%,但其他指标都有较大幅度降低。仿真结果有力证实了配备FOPID控制调速系统的抽蓄机组对于微电网动态调节性能的显著提升。研究成果可为新能源高比例持续入网背景下电力系统的安全稳定运行提供思路借鉴。

       

      Abstract: In light of the continuous integration of wind power into the grid, we propose a multi-objective optimized control strategy for a hydro-wind pumped storage interconnected to microgrid to enhance the power supply quality and stability of its grid connection system. A fractional order PID (FOPID) control speed regulation system for pumped storage units was designed to improve unit performance. The cumulative duration of on-specification frequency multiplied by absolute error time, along with settling time (Ts), are employed as objective functions to establish a multi-objective optimization control model for the system. To solve this model, an improved competitive and cooperative swarm optimization algorithm (ICCSO) is introduced, and its significant advantages over conventional algorithms are clearly demonstrated through multi-objective standard test functions. Finally, simulation verification under two designed scenarios confirmed superiority of ICCSO. By substituting median solutions from Pareto sets into models for simulation, in the three phase short circuit fault recovery scenario on grid frequency response curves, the overshoot slightly increased by 4.78%, negative overshoot decreased by 49.33%, peak-to-peak value reduced by 17.10%, and settling time decreased by 28.73%;while under load disturbance scenarios although overshoot increased by 31.03%, other indicators significantly dropped including negative overshoot down by 38.55%, peak-to-peak value down by 20.54% and settling time down by 8.16%. These results robustly confirm that equipping pumped storage units with FOPID controlled speed regulation systems markedly enhance dynamic adjustment performance within microgrid operations, proving practical utility and effectiveness of the proposed optimized strategy. It provides a reference for the safe and stable operation of the power system that is continuously integrating a high proportion of new energy.

       

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