叠梁门调控下乌东德水库下泄水温改善效果研究

    Research on improvement effect of discharged water temperature in Wudongde Reservoir under stoplog gate

    • 摘要: 分层取水措施是缓解水库低温水下泄的有效手段,明晰梯级水库实际运行后上游梯级分层取水措施的沿程效力传递与迟滞规律对构建联合水温调控体系具有重要意义。本研究利用CE-QUAL-W2模型构建了乌东德水库立面二维水动力水温数学模型,基于2022年调度过程设置了单层取水和设计叠梁门运行两种情景,定量分析了叠梁门对乌东德水库水温节律的影响及其下游衰减特性。研究结果表明,叠梁门运行可显著提高流动层位置,促使平均取水高程从935.1 m抬升至952.2 m,促进表层水体掺混,使得叠梁门设计运行工况垂向温差较单层工况最大降幅达2.3 ℃。叠梁门设计运行工况下,下泄水温较单层取水平均提高0.5 ℃,旬均改善0.1 ℃-1.0 ℃。且受下游梯级调蓄影响,乌东德水库分层取水效果沿程衰减显著,平均改善幅度从坝下0.49 ℃降至向家坝坝下0.16 ℃,最大改善效果降幅达1.01 ℃,白鹤滩、溪洛渡和向家坝效力显现时间分别滞后16 天、53 天和62 天。研究成果可为优化梯级水库分层取水调度策略,保障流域生态用水安全等提供科学依据。

       

      Abstract: Selective withdrawal measures are an effective means to alleviate low-temperature water discharge in reservoirs. Clarifying the transmission and hysteresis laws of selective withdrawal measures along the upstream reservoir to the downstream reservoir of cascade reservoirs is of great significance for building a joint water temperature regulation system. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic water temperature mathematical model of the Wudongde Reservoir was employed using the CE-QUAL-W2 model in this study, and based on the 2022 scheduling process, two scenarios of single-layer water intake and designed stoplog gate operation were set up. The impact of stoplog gate on the water temperature rhythm of Wudongde Reservoir and its downstream attenuation characteristics were quantitatively analyzed. The research results indicate that the operation of the stoplog gate could significantly improve the position of the flow layer, causing the average water intake elevation to rise from 935.1 m to 952.2 m, promoting the mixing of surface water bodies, and resulting in a maximum reduction of 2.3 ℃ in vertical temperature difference compared to single-layer conditions under design conditions. Under design conditions, the discharge water temperature is increased by an average of 0.5 ℃ compared to single-layer water intake, with an average improvement of 0.1-1.0 ℃ over ten days. Due to the influence of downstream cascade regulation and storage, the effect of stoplog gate in Wudongde Reservoir has significantly declined along the way, with an average improvement range from 0.49 ℃ to 0.16 ℃, and a maximum improvement effect decrease of 1.01 ℃. The effective manifestation time of Baihetan Reservoir, Xiluodu Reservoir, and Xiangjiaba Reservoir lags behind by 16 days, 53 days, and 62 days, respectively. The research results can provide scientific basis for optimizing the layered water intake scheduling strategy of cascade reservoirs and ensuring the ecological water safety of the basin.

       

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