融合微波链路信号的卫星降水场精度提升研究

    Research on Satellite Rain Field Improvement with Fused Microwave links

    • 摘要: 单一手段降水观测数据往往存在较大的不确定性,难以满足新时期实际应用对于高精度、高分辨率降水数据需求。针对此,本文构建了融合微波链路信号、卫星及地面雨量站观测的多源协同反演方法,采用多重网格变分分析法在小时和日尺度上融合自动站、微波链路、IMERG卫星反演降水数据,构建了更接近实况的降水场。结果表明:相较于卫星产品,三源融合重构的小时和日尺度降水场相关系数分别提升约0.23和0.13,而相对误差分别减少约22.8和0.41,说明所提方法能够改善原始低分辨率卫星降水数据, 使其更接近实际情况。分析可视化结果可以发现:三源数据融合构建的降水场对于极端降水捕捉能力更强,极端雨强阈值捕捉率提升至78.3%,同时,相邻时刻场次降水更具有连续性。所提方法有效改善了卫星产品在强对流天气下的误差,为准确获取流域的降水资源提供了新思路。

       

      Abstract: Single-source precipitation observation data typically exhibit considerable uncertainty, posing challenges for meeting the requirements of high-precision and high-resolution precipitation data in practical applications of the new era. To tackle this issue, this paper proposes a multi-source collaborative inversion method that integrates microwave link signals, satellite data, and ground-based rain gauge observations. By adopting a multi-grid variational analysis approach, the method fuses precipitation data from automatic stations, microwave links, and IMERG satellite inversions at both hourly and daily scales, thereby constructing precipitation fields that are more consistent with actual conditions. Results show that, in comparison with satellite products, the hourly and daily precipitation fields reconstructed via three-source fusion exhibit increases in the correlation coefficient by 0.23 and 0.13, respectively, while their relative errors are reduced by 22.8 and 0.41. This confirms that the proposed method can effectively enhance the original low-resolution satellite precipitation data, rendering it more representative of real-world conditions. Analysis of visualization results reveals that the precipitation field constructed through three-source data fusion possesses superior capability in capturing extreme precipitation events, with the capture rate for extreme rainfall intensity thresholds rising to 78.3%. Furthermore, precipitation events across adjacent time intervals demonstrate improved continuity. The proposed method effectively alleviates errors in satellite products during severe convective weather, providing a new approach for the accurate acquisition of precipitation resources in river basins.

       

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