Abstract: Hydrology is a basic discipline that runs through the whole process of basin planning, governance and protection.Based on the construction of the station network system and the collection and analysis of observation data, the achievements of Yangtze River Hydrology has been widely used in flood control and disaster reduction of the basin, the design and construction of a series of major projects such as Gezhouba Project, Three Gorges Project and the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, as well as basin planning, urban construction and environmental protection, and has achieved tremendous social and economic benefits.In order to adapt to the new ideas of water regulation put forward by President XI Jinping in the new era, comprehensively serve the cause of river control and support the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Basin, this paper analyzes the new demands and objectives of the hydrological work in the new stage and the overall work objectives of the National Hydrological ‘14th Five-Year Plan'.And then this paper puts forward a construction concept of building five major systems of the Yangtze River Hydrological comprehensive station network, three-dimensional monitoring, professional support, information service and management guarantee in the new era by combing the development history of the Yangtze River hydrological station network layout, monitoring capacity, professional support, information sharing and management system.The basic connotation and gist of the system are expounded.The ‘five systems' of Yangtze River Hydrology will transform and update the traditional hydrology, water quality, water ecology and river channel monitoring means and methods through high and new technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data and the Internet of Things, and expand the hydrological service field, improve the hydrological measurement and reporting information network and professional support system, so as to better provide quality services for all sectors of society.