Abstract: In September 2013 to December 2014, silver carp of 234 tails were collected from the Poyang Lake, the Ganjiang River and the Yangtze River as samples to analyze the growth characteristics and distribution in the waters. The length and weight of collected silver carps range from 120.0 to 780.0mm and 31.1 to 9278.5 g respectively. We used Key formula to fit the relationship between fish body length and weight, and discovered that the relationship between body weight and length of silver carp was an obvious power function, showing that the silver carp in these waters grows in constant speed. In addition, we analyzed the growth speed of the silver fish by using Von Bertalanffy formula and discovered that the turning point of population growth, body length and weight are 5.6 age, 64.1cm, and 5139.7g respectively, which indicated that 5.6 age is the best fishing age for the silver carp in the waters. Compared with other waters, the growth performance and age structure of the silver carp in the research waters have a certain decline trend. So, the silver fish resources in the waters should be protected by strengthening the fishing administrative management, setting up closed fishing period, controlling cage fish culture and establishing conservation areas etc.