Research on invulnerability simulation and optimization of on-site transportation network facing cascading failures

To evaluate the invulnerability of the on-site transportation network in hydropower construction under different attack modes, this paper develops a cascading failure model for the on-site transportation network based on the network topology and the major material transportation needs. Global network efficiency and the relative size of the largest connected component are selected as invulnerability metrics. A simulation and optimization analysis framework covering random attacks and various intentional attacks (such as those based on degree centrality, betweenness centrality, etc.) is established. Taking the on-site transportation network of the Changlongshan Pumped Storage Power Station as an example, the evolution of network invulnerability under different attack modes and capacity coefficients is systematically simulated, and corresponding optimization strategies are proposed. The results show that the network has good invulnerability to random attacks but is vulnerable to intentional attacks; network invulnerability increases with the improvement of road capacity, but the capacity gain effect exhibits a marginal decreasing trend. By reasonably enhancing the transportation capacity of key roads and optimizing vehicle scheduling strategies after failure, the overall invulnerability of the on-site transportation network can be significantly enhanced.