Research on Initial Agricultural Water Rights Allocation in Dujiangyan Irrigation District Based on Food Security

The Dujiangyan Irrigation District is a vital base for grain and oil production and a key pillar supporting economic development, social stability, and ecological civilization in Sichuan Province. However, its initial agricultural water rights allocation faces challenges in balancing current and future needs, as well as reconciling supply efficiency with food security. To address these issues and achieve multiple objectives—including preventing water disputes, enhancing supply security, and prioritizing food security—this study innovatively incorporates a food security indicator. We construct a novel model for the initial allocation of agricultural water rights in the Dujiangyan Irrigation District, which comprehensively considers current water usage, supply guarantee capacity, and grain production efficiency. The model is solved using the NSGA-II genetic algorithm. The model optimizes water resource allocation and improves utilization efficiency by dynamically adjusting water rights from different sources across various administrative regions. Results show that the initial agricultural water rights allocation, when compared to the current supply, reduces transmission losses by 106 million cubic meters, thereby enhancing supply security. Furthermore, the model prioritizes water allocation to regions with higher grain production efficiency, effectively safeguarding food security within the district. This model's three key innovations are its consideration of along-the-way losses, varying irrigation guarantee rates across sub-districts, and differences in water-food production efficiency among administrative regions. These factors ensure the model's strong applicability in the Dujiangyan Irrigation District and provide a valuable reference for agricultural initial water rights allocation in other water-rich southern regions.